Prostheses | healthdirect

Key facts

• Prostheses, or artificial body parts, are essential for individuals who have lost limbs or body parts due to congenital conditions, accidents, or surgeries.
• There are various types of prostheses, including those for limbs, breasts, and facial features.
• Prosthetists are trained professionals who aid in the design, fitting, and maintenance of prostheses, while orthotists provide support devices.
• Caring for prosthetics requires regular check-ups and necessary adjustments for optimal performance.
• Funding options exist for prostheses, and costs can vary based on personal circumstances.

What are prostheses?

A prosthesis is an artificial body part designed to replace one that may be missing from birth or lost through trauma or surgical procedures. Individuals may undergo amputation as part of treatment for cancers, diabetes, or severe infections, for example.

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In some cases, prostheses serve as less invasive options compared to reconstructive surgery. An example is the use of a prosthetic breast after a mastectomy performed due to cancer.

Modern prosthetics have significantly advanced, mimicking natural appearances for hands, feet, and faces. These devices not only focus on aesthetics but also enhance function. Some prosthetic limbs now include battery-operated motors for improved limb functionality, such as a prosthetic hand with articulated fingers.

Additionally, prostheses encompass surgically implanted devices like:

• replacement heart valves
• artificial joints (like hip replacements)
• cochlear implants

For these adaptations, your healthcare providers will inform you about necessary health and lifestyle adjustments following surgery.

The terms orthosis or orthotic are often mentioned as well. An orthosis supports a limb externally, whereas a prosthesis is a replacement. For example, an artificial leg serves as a prosthesis, while a splint acting as an external support is an orthotic device.

Types of prosthesis

Common limb prostheses include:

• Arm prostheses, which may be fitted above or below the elbow, along with hand and finger prosthetics.
• Leg prostheses, fitted above or below the knee, which also include foot and toe replacements.

Other types of prostheses consist of:

• Artificial breasts worn in a bra post-mastectomy
• Implantable hearing devices
• Artificial eyes
• Replacements for ears, noses, or eye sockets
• Prosthetic palates (worn similarly to dental plates)

Who can help with prostheses?

Healthcare experts known as prosthetists specialize in designing and fitting prostheses. If you require assistance, they will collaborate with your medical team to ensure proper fitting and utilization of your device.

If you face issues with posture or walking, an orthotist may be involved in providing necessary support devices.

What do prostheses cost?

The expense of prostheses can reach thousands of dollars; however, various funding sources may offset these costs. There might be full or partial coverage through options such as:

Public funding is often limited, leading some individuals to opt for higher quality private prosthetic models. Speak with your prosthetist about the ideal treatment plan tailored to your needs. They will detail all associated costs, empowering you to make informed choices.

Breast prostheses are covered under the External Breast Prostheses Reimbursement Program.

For prosthetic devices covered by private health insurance, consult the Prostheses List, as coverage may vary. Typically, cosmetic prosthetics and prosthetic limbs are not included, so check with your insurer for details.

For a better understanding of funding options, visit prosthetic tools.

Discuss costs and funding avenues with your healthcare provider and remember to inquire about related expenses like surgeries, scans, tests, and hospital fees.

ASK YOUR DOCTOR ' Preparing for an appointment? Use the Question Builder for general tips on what to ask your GP or specialist.

Prostheses for children

Pediatric prostheses enable active development for children. Due to growth, adjustments may be necessary every few months; new prosthetics might be required if they outgrow their current device.

Adapting to a prosthesis can be challenging and exhausting for anyone, particularly children. Organizations like Limbs4Kids offer valuable resources to families with children missing limbs.

The Australian Government provides several allowances related to parenting and disability.

Further information can be found on the Services Australia and Carer Gateway websites.

Living with prostheses

A prosthesis can enhance your daily life; however, adjusting takes time.

Regular check-ups and modifications will help ensure the prosthesis remains comfortable and functional. A rehabilitation plan may also be necessary to maximize the benefits of your prosthetic.

Self-care is essential in maintaining your prosthesis, including:

• Removing the prosthesis while sleeping if recommended
• Inspecting the skin on your limb’s stump and keeping it healthy
• Wearing proper protective gear between the stump and prosthesis
• Choosing appropriate footwear for a leg prosthesis
• Cleaning the prosthesis socket regularly
• Scheduling regular visits to your prosthetist for check-ups

Resources and support

Consult your medical professional about the advantages and potential risks of acquiring a medical implant. The Therapeutic Goods Administration provides a useful guide on what questions to ask, available in multiple languages including English, Arabic, Croatian, Farsi, Greek, Italian, Korean, Mandarin, Spanish, Turkish, and Vietnamese.