Oxygen Concentrators: Function, Settings & Results - Cleveland Clinic
Oxygen Concentrators: Function, Settings & Results - Cleveland Clinic
What are oxygen concentrators?
Oxygen concentrators (oxygen generators) are a type of medical device that you may use as part of oxygen therapy. If you have a condition that affects your lungs or even if you have some difficulty breathing, an oxygen concentrator helps get your body the oxygen it needs to function.
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Unlike a compressed or liquid oxygen tank that you must replace or refill when you run out of oxygen, an oxygen concentrator continuously purifies the air around you (atmospheric air) to deliver 90% to 95% pure oxygen. You breathe in the oxygen through a plastic mask that fits over your mouth and nose or a flexible plastic tube with two prongs that go into your nostrils (nasal cannula).
Don’t use an oxygen concentrator unless a healthcare provider prescribes one for you. Breathing in pure oxygen can cause long-term lung damage if you don’t need oxygen.
What are the types of oxygen concentrators?
There are two main types of oxygen concentrators:
- Stationary oxygen concentrator. A stationary oxygen concentrator weighs about 22 pounds (10 kilograms). It has handles to lift the device or wheels on the bottom to roll it. It runs on electricity, so you plug it into an electrical outlet in your home. In the event of a power outage, some brands of oxygen concentrators come with a battery backup or a backup compressed oxygen tank, so you can still receive oxygen therapy until your power comes back on.
- Portable oxygen concentrator. Portable oxygen concentrators are smaller and lighter than stationary ones, allowing for easier activity or travel. But their oxygen output is usually lower than stationary oxygen concentrators. Most portable oxygen concentrators use rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
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What conditions are treated or managed with oxygen concentrators?
A healthcare provider may prescribe an oxygen concentrator if you have:
- Asthma.
- Bronchitis.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Cystic fibrosis.
- Emphysema.
- Heart failure.
- Lung cancer.
- Pneumonia.
- Respiratory trauma (rib fracture, collapsed lung, bruised lung).
- Sleep apnea.
Some people, especially athletes, use an oxygen concentrator when they visit high-altitude areas. When you work out, you breathe harder because your body is trying to get more oxygen to your lungs. Your lungs supply oxygen that your body uses to function. This includes your muscles.
If you can’t get enough oxygen through heavy breathing, your cells will convert carbohydrates into lactate (lactic acid) for short bursts of energy. The name for this process is anaerobic glycolysis. Using an oxygen concentrator helps prevent your body from producing lactic acid, which helps increase energy, reduce fatigue and improve training.
How common are oxygen concentrators?
Oxygen concentrators are common. More than 1.5 million people in the United States use some form of oxygen tank as part of their supplemental oxygen therapy, including oxygen concentrators.
How do oxygen concentrators work?
The atmospheric air that most people breathe every day is about 20% oxygen. The rest is nitrogen, along with tiny amounts of other gases. Oxygen concentrators take in atmospheric air, remove the nitrogen and collect pure oxygen for you to breathe.
First, it sucks in the atmospheric air through an air filter and forces it through an air compressor. The compressor pressurizes the air — think of it like blowing air into a balloon. As the pressure increases, the air travels into special filters. Oxygen molecules are smaller than nitrogen molecules, so the filters trap the nitrogen and let the oxygen pass through into a collection tank. The oxygen then travels to an oxygen outlet and through your mask or nasal cannula.
How many hours can you get out of an oxygen concentrator?
It depends on the make, model, oxygen output and number of batteries your oxygen concentrator uses. On average, a single-battery oxygen concentrator lasts from two to six hours. The average double-battery oxygen concentrator can last between five and 13 hours.
A plug-in oxygen concentrator runs as long as you have power in your home.
How long should you be on an oxygen concentrator?
It depends on why you need supplemental oxygen. Most people must use supplemental oxygen for at least 15 hours every day. Some people need to use it 24 hours a day. A healthcare provider will direct you on how often to use it and what your output setting should be.
If you have a short-term condition, you may only need an oxygen concentrator until you recover.
If you have a long-term condition, you may need to use an oxygen concentrator for the rest of your life. A provider will work with you to help you adapt to living with an oxygen regulator. It may take some adjustments, but it shouldn’t interfere with your everyday activities, including working, bathing, exercising and traveling.
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What are the potential benefits of an oxygen concentrator?
The main benefit of oxygen concentrators is that they help you breathe easier. They aren’t a cure for your condition and may not completely relieve shortness of breath. But it should be easier to breathe. Higher oxygen levels in your blood can also give you more energy and help you sleep better.
Another benefit is that, unlike other types of oxygen tanks, you don’t need to refill an oxygen concentrator. You’ll have an unlimited oxygen supply as long as you have an energy source.
What are the disadvantages of oxygen concentrators?
Oxygen concentrators must have a power source. If you use an oxygen concentrator, it’s a good idea to have at least one set of fully charged batteries or a compressed oxygen tank available in case your power goes out. You should have enough batteries or extra oxygen available for at least a few days.
Pure oxygen can also be dangerous. It isn’t flammable. But it makes fire burn hotter and faster. It can also cause an explosion. Make sure you keep your oxygen concentrator at least 10 feet away from sources of high temperatures or flammable materials, including:
- Cigarettes and cigars.
- Fires.
- Ovens.
- Grills.
- Gasoline.
- Oil.
- Paints and paint thinner.
- Rubbing alcohol.
- Oil-based products, such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline®).
You should also avoid using electrical equipment around your oxygen tank. There’s a risk that electrical equipment can spark and cause a fire. This includes items such as:
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- Hair dryers.
- Electric blankets.
- Space heaters.
- Electric razors.
- Vape pens.
Oxygen Concentrator Questions and Answers - Inogen
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Find the answers to many common questions here.
Q: What are the Inogen One’s specifications (weight, battery life, etc.)?
A: View our Inogen One Specifications.
Q: Is the Inogen One covered by Medicare?
A: Yes, the Inogen One Oxygen Concentrator is covered by Medicare and many private insurance plans. Call today to see if you are eligible to receive the Inogen One at little to no additional cost (*co-payments and deductibles may apply).
Q: Where can I get more information?
A: To receive a free brochure on the Inogen One, call us toll free today at 855-694-.
The company is the world’s best medical oxygen generator supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.
Q: Can I take the Inogen One onboard commercial aircraft?
A: Yes. With the Inogen One, traveling with your oxygen is easy. The FAA now allows the Inogen One aboard all commercial aircraft whose flights originate or terminate within the United States. Check with your airline provider for any inflight restrictions before arriving at the airport. Bring enough charged batteries with you to power your Inogen One for no less than 150% of the expected duration of the flight, plus a conservative estimate of unanticipated delays. Get more information.
Q: Is it safe to allow my Inogen One through the airport screening machines?
A: Yes, it is safe to walk through the screening machines while using your Inogen One.
Q: Is it safe to allow my Inogen One in cold/hot environments?
A: Yes, it is safe to use the Inogen One in these conditions; if the user can tolerate the environment, then most likely the Inogen One will function without any trouble. However, if the Inogen One becomes too cold/hot, an alert will be displayed on the device.
Q: Is it safe to allow my Inogen One if I also have a pacemaker?
A: Yes, there will be no interference between the two devices.
Q: Is it safe to allow my Inogen One when I have an x-ray or MRI?
A: Yes, we recommend attaching a 25ft nasal cannula to the device and setting the Inogen One with the technician.
Q: Is the Inogen One pulse dose? Can I use it at night?
A: Yes, the Inogen One is pulse dose, but we have developed new pulse dose technology, Intelligent Delivery Technology. Inogen’s Intelligent Delivery Technology is highly flexible to changing environments and meters oxygen delivery through the system to promote increased oxygen delivery during sleep for most patients. As breathing rate slows, Inogen’s Intelligent Delivery Technology increases each bolus dose. The technology in each Inogen One is effective at providing the necessary oxygen for most ambulatory patients during all phases of daily activity and during sleep. The Inogen One is designed to be used 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Q: How long does the Inogen One battery last?
A: View our latest specifications on battery life by clicking here. The Inogen One battery is charged by plugging it into a power source, whether that be an electrical outlet or the cigarette lighter socket in a car.
Q: Can I smoke around my oxygen concentrator?
A: Open flames should always be avoided where oxygen is in use. That includes matches, lighters, candles or smoking in any form. Anyone who wishes to smoke should do so out of range of the unit.
Q: Can I use my Inogen One in the rain?
A: Yes, the Inogen One was tested to withstand rain while transferring from a car to a home, for example, and the carry bag (backpack and hip bag) provides another layer of protection.
Q: Can I use the Inogen One with my C-PAP/BiPAP machine?
A: No, Inogen does not allow the device to be used in conjunction with humidifiers, nebulizers, C-PAP, BiPAP or connected to any other type of devices. Doing so may impair performance or damage the equipment.
Q: Can I use my Inogen One with a swivel connector?
A: No, we cannot recommend the use of the Inogen One connected by a swivel connector as there is possibility of oxygen flow to be restricted. However, all Inogen One POCs are approved for use with a nasal cannula up to 25 ft. in length.
Q: How do I maintain an oxygen concentrator?
A: The following items need to be cleaned regularly:
- Particle screen – To ensure adequate air flow through the device, the particle screen should be cleaned according to the manufacturer’s instructions, generally on a weekly basis, using a mild detergent and water. The particle screen must be air dried before reuse.
- Surface – The surface of an oxygen concentrator should be regularly cleaned according to the manufacturer’s instructions, using a mild detergent and water. Important: The concentrator should never be submerged in water.
The following items need to be replaced regularly:
- Nasal Cannula – Consult with your physician or equipment provider for replacement information.
- Filter – Most oxygen concentrator manufacturers provide filters in a replacement kit, so it can be replaced whenever necessary.
- Columns – The device will advise a low priority message on the display screen and alert with a double beep with a solid red or yellow light that column maintenance is required within 30 days. To order new columns, click here and then follow the instructions for replacing the column assembly.
Q: My tank provider told me that portable oxygen concentrators are noisy. Is this true?
A: It is true that all portable oxygen concentrators (POC) make a sound, as they are mechanically converting normal air to medical-grade oxygen. If you currently have tanks, you are accustomed to having little or no sound when using them. However, the freedom and portability you get with an Inogen One far outweighs the slight hum and whoosh of the concentrator. This, like any “white noise” you encounter daily, will soon fade into the ambient sound of the world around you!
The Inogen One G3 and the Inogen One G4 are one of the quietest POCs on the market. To hear an amplified recording of the characteristics of their sound, click play below.
Listen to the quiet sound of the Inogen One G3 concentrator
Q: I heard something in the news about rechargeable batteries causing fires, and that they were no longer going to be allowed by the airlines. Does this mean that I can’t use my Inogen One when I fly?
A: No – you can rest assured that the Inogen One G3, G4 and G5 are approved by the FAA for transport and use on domestic airlines. In addition, you can transport extra Inogen One lithium ion batteries as long as these are packed in your carry-on baggage. Please contact the airline with which you’ll be traveling ahead of time to determine their specific guidelines for transporting and using oxygen on board their aircraft.
For more information on the FAA’s ruling regarding lithium ion and other types of batteries, you’ll find a comprehensive summary at http://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives…
Q: How do I report a problem with my equipment, order supplies, or leave Inogen’s service?
A: If you need assistance, please call Customer Care at 1-877-466-.
Q: How do I return an Inogen Product that has been replaced?
A: If you need assistance, please call Customer Care at 1-877-466-.
Q: What are the washing instructions for the carry bags and backpacks?
A: Hand wash only in warm water, Do NOT Tumble Dry, Do NOT Iron, Do NOT Bleach, and allow to dry immediately away from direct sunlight and heat.
Questions about COVID-19 and Inogen concentrators
Inogen has been receiving questions regarding what impact the COVID-19 virus will have on Inogen concentrators and their use. The following is our response to these questions.
Q: What happens to my Inogen concentrator if exposed to COVID-19?
A: COVID-19 is a living virus. It needs living cells to replicate. Since there are no living cells within Inogen concentrators the virus will not thrive or grow. If exposed the virus may remain active for hours to several days. If you believe your concentrator to be contaminated please follow the cleaning and disinfection procedures contained within the Instructions for Use that came with your product. Refer to What if my unit gets contaminated question below for information on cleaning.
Q: What happens if the outside of my concentrator gets contaminated with COVID-19?
A: If your unit becomes contaminated follow the cleaning procedures provided with the Product Instructions for Use. These procedures state:
Case Cleaning
You may clean the outside case using a cloth dampened with a mild liquid detergent (such as Dawn™) and water. Do not submerse the Inogen One® or its accessories in water or allow water to enter into the case; this may lead to electrical shock and/or damage.
To fully decontaminate your unit the CDC recommends using a disinfectant on surfaces after cleaning. If this is desired, over the counter disinfecting wipes may be used. Follow wipe manufacturers recommendations for use. Inogen has not validated the use of disinfectants but has determined using wipes will not hurt the function of the unit.
Q: Will using my concentrator filter out COVID-19?
A: No, Inogen concentrator filters are not designed to filter viruses.
Q: Can I add additional filters to my concentrator?
A: It is not recommended to add anything to or alter Inogen concentrators in any way. Doing so may cause the unit to stop making oxygen and may void product warranty.
Q: I have been quarantined with COVID-19 and my concentrator has stopped working. What do I do?
A: Inogen is here to help. If your product is under warranty or is on rental a replacement unit will be shipped to you. We will contact you to arrange to have your current unit sent back to Inogen once the unit has been deemed no longer contaminated. During that time please keep your current unit in a safe and secure location.
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