Dietary Supplements for Pets: Harmful or Helpful? - Tufts University

If you take dietary supplements yourself, you’re not alone:  Over half of all Americans take dietary supplements on a regular basis, accounting for 15 billion dollars in sales per year! Although the number of dogs and cats taking dietary supplements is much lower (somewhere between 10-30% in the general population), it appears to be growing and is much higher in pets with certain medical conditions.  In magazines and on the internet, advertisements for dietary supplements abound.  While it is tempting to believe the claims of disease prevention, miraculous treatment, or even cures that are supposed to come from giving a few pills, knowing the real facts about supplements can help to determine which ones might be useful, which ones are useless, and which ones can actually be harmful to your pet.

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First, it is important to understand that dietary supplements (whether for humans or pets) are regulated very differently than drugs.  Unlike drugs, dietary supplements do not require the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to review product effectiveness, safety, or quality prior to marketing.  The result is that the FDA has little control over supplements.  In fact, while drug manufacturers must prove the drug to be safe and effective before it is sold, the FDA must prove that a supplement is unsafe.  It is easy to imagine that with the thousands of supplements on the market today, this is an unrealistic task for the FDA.  Therefore, the safety, quality control, and effectiveness of dietary supplements can be very questionable.

Although supplements are thought to be safe because they are “natural,” this is not always true.  Humans and pets can get sick or even die as a result of dietary supplements, so safety is not a given.  And even if a supplement is proven to be safe for humans, it may not be safe for pets who metabolize some supplements differently.  Even if the supplement by itself is safe, its use in combination with medications an animal may be taking can cause dangerous interactions.  In addition, numerous studies have shown that many supplements have terrible quality control.  This means that if you buy a supplement that is supposed to contain 500 mg per tablet, it may contain 500 mg but it also may contain mg or nothing at all! Some supplements may be contaminated with mercury, lead, or other substances.  That doesn’t even get into the issues of supplement tablets that don’t dissolve appropriately (which means they won’t get absorbed).

Even if the safety and quality control issues were not an issue, effectiveness has been proven for very few dietary supplements in humans, let alone for pets.  Most pet supplements are used based on theory, anecdote, or data from other species.  Properly conducted studies are few and far between for dietary supplements.  Clearly, more research is needed in this area to determine which of the supplements have beneficial effects and which are a waste of money.  We also need to know optimal doses for pets, which shouldn’t be based just on the amount given to a person.  Patients I see may be taking either extremely high doses of a supplement, may be on a dose too low to have any potential benefits, or may be taking multiple supplements that can overlap or interact.

Given the many concerns listed above, it’s important to think carefully about whether your pet really needs supplements in the first place.  In pets, the most common supplements used are multivitamins, joint supplements, and fatty acids so let’s look at the role of those.  Unless a pet is eating a nutritionally unbalanced diet, multivitamins are not needed. In fact, giving vitamin or mineral supplements to a pet eating a balanced diet may put them at risk for toxicity! Complete and balanced pet foods are made to give your pet just the right amount of nutrients and adding more can actually be harmful. Examples where I would suspect nutritional deficiencies include a home-prepared diet that has not been carefully designed by a board-certified veterinary nutritionist, a diet labeled as “for intermittent or supplemental use,” or a diet made by a small company that does not have adequate quality nutritional knowledge or quality control standards.  Even in these cases, simply giving a multivitamin is unlikely to solve the problem and more careful evaluation and correction are needed.  Glucosamine/chondroitin supplements, if they are of good quality, may have modest benefits in some animals with arthritis.  And fish oil supplements may be beneficial for pets with certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, kidney disease, and cancer.  However, even these common supplements have potential side effects and are not right for every dog and cat with these conditions.

So, how can you find out what’s best for your dog or cat? The first step is to talk to your veterinarian about whether supplements are appropriate for your pet.  This will depend on your pet’s age, activity level, medical conditions, diet, and a variety of other factors.   If your veterinarian recommends a supplement, be sure to also ask for specific recommendations on dose and brand.   The resources I use most commonly to select specific brands that have good quality control are:  Consumerlab.com and the Unites States Pharmacopeia Dietary Supplements Verification Program

Dietary supplements are not necessary for healthy pets eating a nutritionally balanced diet, but may benefit pets with certain medical conditions.  Your veterinarian can help you determine which supplements, if any, are right for your pet, what dose to use, and which specific brands have the quality control necessary to keep your pet happy and healthy.

For more information, Dr. Freeman was quoted in a recent article on pet supplements:

Assessing pet supplements. JAVMA News, Jan 15, :  https://www.avma.org/News/JAVMANews/Pages/a.aspx

PBS Frontline story on supplements and safety:

www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/supplements-and-safety/

Useful websites on dietary supplements

The company is the world’s best heart health supplements for pets supplier supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.

Just like us, our beloved furry companions can face health challenges as they age, and one crucial area to consider is their cardiovascular health. A healthy heart is vital for an energetic and happy life for your pet. While a balanced diet and regular exercise form the cornerstone of good cardiac care, our veterinarians may occasionally recommend supplements to provide additional support. Navigating the world of pet supplements can feel overwhelming, so let’s explore some standard options and what they entail.

Why Consider Heart Supplements for Your Pet?

As pets get older, their heart function can naturally decline. Certain breeds are also predisposed to specific heart conditions. Supplements can play a supportive role by:

• Providing essential nutrients: Certain supplements contain vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support the overall health and function of the heart muscle.
• Aiding blood flow: Certain ingredients can help maintain healthy blood vessel function and circulation.
• Supporting healthy heart rhythm: Some supplements may contribute to a regular and steady heartbeat.
• Reducing oxidative stress: Antioxidants can help protect heart cells from damage caused by free radicals.

It’s crucial to understand that supplements are not a replacement for prescribed medications or veterinary care. They are intended to work in conjunction with a comprehensive treatment plan.

Common Heart-Healthy Pet Supplements

Before introducing any supplement to your pet’s diet, it is essential to consult with your veterinarian thoroughly. They can diagnose any underlying heart conditions and recommend the most appropriate course of action, which may or may not include supplements. Here are some supplements that are sometimes discussed in the context of pet cardiac health:

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Often derived from fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), are well-known for their cardiovascular benefits 1 in both humans and animals. They help reduce inflammation, support healthy blood triglyceride levels, and promote healthy blood flow.  

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

This naturally occurring antioxidant plays a vital role in cellular energy production, including in the heart muscle. Some studies suggest that CoQ10 supplementation may support heart function and energy levels in pets with certain heart conditions.

Taurine

An amino acid that is particularly important for heart health in cats. Taurine deficiency can lead to a serious heart condition called dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). While most commercial cat foods are supplemented with taurine, your vet might recommend additional supplementation in specific cases.

L-Carnitine

Another amino acid that plays a role in energy production within heart muscle cells. It may help the heart use fatty acids for fuel more efficiently.

Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Selenium)

These nutrients help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which can contribute to the development of aging and disease, including heart conditions.

The Importance of Veterinary Guidance and Understanding Veterinary Cardiology

It cannot be stressed enough that you should always consult with your veterinarian before giving your pet any supplements, especially if they have a pre-existing heart condition or are already on medication. Your vet can assess your pet’s individual needs, determine if supplementation is appropriate, recommend the correct dosage and form, and monitor for any potential interactions with other medications. Understanding Veterinary Cardiology, the specialized field focused on the heart and circulatory system of animals, is crucial for making informed decisions about your pet’s cardiac health. Rely on your veterinarian’s expertise to guide you through the best options for your furry friend.

A Gentle Reminder for a Healthy Heart Journey

Navigating your pet’s health can sometimes feel like a winding path, but remember you’re not alone. By staying informed, working closely with your veterinarian, and exploring options such as supportive supplements when appropriate, you are actively contributing to your beloved companion’s well-being. Take each step with care and patience, knowing that your love and attention are the most valuable gifts you can give to ensure their heart stays happy and strong for years to come.

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